Ruff (Rẽ lớn, Calidris pugnax)
formerly placed in different genera and was known as: Tringa pugnax, Philomachus pugnax

The ruff (Calidris pugnax) is a medium-sized wading bird that breeds in marshes and wet meadows across northern Eurasia.
The bird is migratory often found winering in southern and western Europe, Africa, southern Asia and Australia.

Charadriidae, Charadrius: Late Latin word for a yellowish bird mentioned in the fourth-century Vulgate; from Ancient Greek kharadrios a bird found in ravines and river valleys (kharadra, "ravine").

The word Scolopacidae is New Latin, derived from the genus name Scolopax (Latin for "snipe" or "woodcock") and the common zoological suffix for family names, -idae.

The genus name Calidris is from Ancient Greek kalidris or skalidris, a term used by Aristotle for some grey-coloured waterside birds.

The specific epithet refers to the aggressive behaviour of the bird at its mating arenas — pugnax from the Latin term for "combative".
The English name is derived from the ruff, an exaggerated collar fashionable from the mid-sixteenth century to the mid-seventeenth century, since the male bird's neck ornamental feathers resemble the neck-wear.