Chestnut munia or black-headed munia (Lonchura atricapilla),
Formerly considered conspecific with the closely related tricoloured munia

The chestnut munia or black-headed munia (Lonchura atricapilla) is a small passerine of the family Estrildidae of estrildid finches.

This bird is a resident breeding bird in Bangladesh, Brunei, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Burma, Nepal, the Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam and Hawaii.

The name mannikin is from Middle Dutch mannekijn 'little man'.

The family name Estrildidae (estrildid finches) is derived from Estrilda (Genus Name), a genus of the family. It is based on a "literary coinage" from Old Norse ástareldr, or German or Swedish ast-reldr, which translates to "love-fire". 
This name likely refers to the vibrant red coloration found in many species (like the common waxbill).

Lonchura the Ancient Greek lonkhē meaning "spear-head" or "lance" with oura meaning "tail".

The specific epithet Atricapilla is derived from Latin, meaning "black-haired" or "black-capped":
 - Latin Ater/Atri-: Meaning "black";
 - Capillus: Meaning "hair of the head" or "cap".