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The rosefinches are a genus, Carpodacus, of passerine birds in the finch family Fringillidae.
The genus name is from the Ancient Greek terms karpos, "fruit", and dakno, "to bite".

1/ Scarlet finch (Mỏ to lưng đỏ, Carpodacus sipahi) 
formerly placed in the monotypic genus Haematospiza.
The species name sipahi comes from the Hindustani word sipahi for a soldier or the Anglicised form sepoy, for the red uniform worn by those in the employment of the East India Company.

2/ Common rosefinch (Sẻ hồng mura, Carpodacus erythrinus) or scarlet rosefinch
The specific erythrinus is from Latin erythros, "red".

Common rosefinch (Sẻ hồng mura, Carpodacus erythrinus) or scarlet rosefinch
The specific erythrinus is from Latin erythros, "red".

The common rosefinch (Carpodacus erythrinus) or scarlet rosefinch is the most widespread and common rosefinch of Asia and Europe.

The bird breeds from the Danube valley, Sweden, and Siberia to the Bering Sea; the Caucasus, northern Iran and Afghanistan, the western Himalayas, Tibet and China; to Japan between latitudes 25° and 68°. 

This bird species winters from southern Iran to south-east China, India, Burma, and Indochina. 

Fringillidae, Fringilla: Latin fringilla for finch.
The genus name is from the Ancient Greek terms karpos, "fruit", and dakno, "to bite".
The specific epithet erythrinus is from Latin erythros, "red".

Scarlet finch (Mỏ to lưng đỏ, Carpodacus sipahi) 
formerly placed in the monotypic genus Haematospiza.

The scarlet finch (Carpodacus sipahi) is a small passerine bird of the genus rosefinch in the finch family Fringillidae. 
The bird is found in the Himalayas from Uttarakhand state in the Indian Himalayas eastwards across Nepal, stretching further east to the adjacent hills of Northeast India and Southeast Asia as far south as Thailand.

The genus name is from the Ancient Greek terms karpos, "fruit", and dakno, "to bite".
The species name sipahi comes from the Hindustani word sipahi for a soldier or the Anglicised form sepoy, for the red uniform worn by those in the employment of the East India Company.

Vinaceous rosefinch (Carpodacus vinaceus) 

The vinaceous rosefinch (Carpodacus vinaceus) is a species of finch in the family Fringillidae.
The bird is found in Nepal, China, Vietnam and far northern Myanmar.

Passeriformes originates from New Latin, combining the Latin passer ("sparrow") and -iformes ("having the form of"). It translates to "sparrow-shaped" or "sparrow-like", referring to the largest order of birds (over 5,000 species) that includes songbirds and perching birds.

Fringillidae, Fringilla: Latin fringilla for finch.

The genus name Carpodacus is from the Ancient Greek terms karpos, "fruit", and dakno, "to bite".

Vinaceus is a Latin adjective meaning "of, relating to, or belonging to wine or a grape," derived from vinum (wine). 
In botanical Latin and English, it describes a purplish-red or pinkish color, similar to red wine or wine-stained cloth. It implies a, or "wine-coloured".